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axali gamosvla
ratom ruseTi da saqarTvelo, da ara romelime sxva sabWoeTis an, adre, ruseTis imperiis nawili, an iq mcxovrebi eri, magaliTad, igive ebraelebi? ki batono! am situaciis sakuTar Tavze an sxva vinmeze mirgeba aravis ekrZaleba. Tundac TviT ruseTze. xom iyo 12 ivnisi gamocxadebuli ruseTis damoukideblobis dRed. visgan damoukideblobis? zogierTi dacinviT erT-erT yofil sabWoTa respublikas asaxelebda: igive saqarTvelos, latvias da a.S. magram Tu ruseTi saWiroebs ganTavisuflebas egviptisagan, es egvipte TviTon ruseTia mis mier saukuneTa manZilze ramdenime zedized Seqmnili warmomaqmnis saxiT. marTlac ruseTis istoriaSi aris ramdenime epizodi, sadac ruseTi ruseTsve upirispirdeboda (saeklesio ganxeTqileba Zveli da axali wesCveulebebis momxreTa Soris, petre pirvelis reformebi, oqtombris revolucia), Tanac iseTi siZulviliT, iseTi aRgznebiT, iseTi guliswyromiT, ranairiTac ruseTs arc saqarTvelo, arc vinme sxva gamijvnia. magram Zalian male naTeli xdeboda, rom es morigi gamosvla CaiSala da egviptidan TiTqos gamosuli eri isev egvipteSi aRmoCnda, zogjer bevrad ufro mCagvrel, ase vTqvaT, ufro egviptur egvipteSi.
xolo saqarTveloze am ambis mizomeba, sxva saxasiaTo Strixebis garda, razedac qvemoT gveqneba saubari, gamarTlebulia ukve im mwvave dapirispirebiT, romelic am ori qveynis Soris TandaTan Seiqmna, rac ruseTis damokidebulebas arc erT sxva qveyanasTan ase mwvave formiT Tan ara sdevs, da gaucxoebis iseT zomas miaRwia, rom exlandel pirobebSi ebraelTa mimarT egviptelTa gulis ayras mogvagonebs. saqarTvelom ruseTi ki ara, rac politikuri da yvela sxvanairi woniTi Sefardebis mixedviT savsebiT gasagebi da gamarTlebulic iqneboda, aramed ruseTma saqarTvelo Tavisi mosaxleobis piriT umTavres mtrad gamoacxada. rusulive andazis kvalobaze – “SiSs didi Tvalebi aqvso” – qarTvelTa raodenobac SeSinebuli rusebis TvalSi xuTjer da aTjer gaizarda (“xolo aRsdga mefe sxva egvipteSi...uTxra ers Tvisas: Sexe, naTesavi SvilTa israelisa didad mravalia”). ruseTis axlandeli mmarTvelebis SeSfoTebaSi saqarTvelos evropa-amerikasTan daaxlovebis gamo da maT aqedan gamomdinare saqarTveloze mimarTul politikaSi TiTqos cocxldeba bibliuri faraos umizezo SiSi ebraelTa mtrobis da egviptis sxva, ufro Zlier mtrebTan SesaZlo gaerTianebis winaSe (“maS modiT WkuaSi movatyuoT maT..., raTa ar miematnen Cvens mowinaardegebs da, gvZleven ra Cven, ar gavidnen qveynidan”), da yvelaferi imis gakeTeba, riTac ebraelebs namdvil gadamterebisaken da mokavSiris da Semwis Ziebisaken waubiZgebda. Tumca ebraelebs es ar dasWirebiaT, raTgan maTi mokavSireoba da Semweoba TviTon ufalma RmerTma iTava.
mainc ebraelebi ar mtrobdnen egviptes da mis dangrevaze ar ocnebobdnen, rac maTTvis SeuZlebelic iyo. piriqiT, es xom RvTisa da RvTaebasTan gansakuTrebulad daaxlovebul ebraelTa gamoTqmebSi egviptes “kirTebis (anu, monobis) saxli” ewodeba.27 danarCen ebraelTaTvis gamosvlisas da didxans kidev gamosvlis Semdeg egvipte im qveynad rCeboda, sadac isini, maTive sityviT, muqTad Wamdnen Tevzs, gograsa da prasas, xaxvsa da niors.28 maT sulac ar hqondaT miznad egviptis dazaraleba, isini mxolod egviptidan gamosvlas cdilobdnen, isic imdenad Tavisi surviliT ki ara, ramdenadac RvTisa da moses iZulebiT. qarTvelebic aseve ar mtroben ruseTs, isini simpaTiiT da interesiT, bevri - gulis wyvetiTac ki gascqeris kirTebis saxls, romelic maT ara imdenad Tavisi surviliT, ramdenadac RvTis gangebiT da zogierTi mousvenari Tanamemamulis ayoliT datoves. es ruseTs surs saqarTvelos da qarTvelebis fizikuri da moraluri dazaraleba, dangreva, ararad qceva. Tumca aqve isic unda iTqvas, rom Tuki qarTvelebi mTlad Tavisufalni da TviTneburni ar arian Tavis moqmedebaSi, da iseve, rogorc Zvelad ebraelebi, RvTis gangebiT da garkveuli iZulebiT toveben kirTebis qveyanas; aseve arc egvipteli farao, arc rusi “faraoebi” mTlad Tavis nebaze ar dadiodnen da ar dadian. uflis dapireba mosesadmi: “xolo me gavaqvao (Zveleburad, gavaficxo) guli misi <faraosi, egviptelTa>”, ramdenjerme gameorebuli,29 naTelhyofs, Tu vin aris Zveli da axali Sesvla-gamosvlebis mTavari moqmedi piri, romelsac nebiT anu uneblied, cnobiT anu umecrebiT erCian ebraelebi da qarTvelebi, egviptelebi da rusebi, faraoebi da beladebi.
qarTvelebmac odesRac Tavi Seafares ruseTs. am SemTxvevaSi, principuli araa CvenTvis, ramdenad nebayoflobiTi, ramdenad gardauvali da ramdenad sasikeTo iyo Tavis es Sefareba. magram sainteresoa, rom SemdgomSi mas swored zemomotanili bibliuri idiliis ferebSi aRwerdnen orive mxaris warmomadgenlebi – rusebi da qarTvelebi, - gavixsenoT Tundac lermontoviseuli “da madli RvTisa moefina saqarTvelos! – is yvaoda mas Semdeg Tavisi baRebis CrdilSi, mtrebis uSiSrad, megobruli xiStebis miRma” (“xolo Zeni israelisa gaizardnen da gamravldnen <egvipteSi saxlobis dros>“)30 , - da bevri maTganisTvis, qarTvelebisTvisac ki, is aqamde idiliad darCa. garkveulwilad rusebmac Tavi Seafares saqarTvelos. amis pirdapiri da sityvasityviTi mowmobac arsebobs – isev lermontovis cnobili striqonebi: “mSvidobiT, ubanelo ruseTo...iqneb, kavkasiis kedlis iqiT davifaro Seni faSebisagan”.31 da kidev sxva uamravi sabuTi.
qarTvelebs ruseTSi Tavisi iosebic win uZRoda – koleqtiuri iosebi, is qarTvelebi, romlebic gadasaxldnen iq jer kidev im dros, roca saqarTvelo Tavis Tundac SebRalul suverenitets ar Tmobda. SinaqarTuli SuRlisa da kinklaobis gamo, isini SegviZlia iosebiviT Zmebis mier monobaSi gayidulad CavTvaloT. maT, iosebis msgavsad, sapatio adgili daikaves ruseTis sazogadoebaSi da bevrma maTganma keTili saxelic moixveWa.
magram am koleqtiuri iosebis garda, Cven vicnobT pirovnul iosebsac, romlisTvisac iosebi gonebaWvretiTi, simboluri dasaxeleba ki ar iyo, aramed Cveulebrivi piradi saxeli. bibliur iosebTan misi msgavseba saxeliT sulac ar Semoifargleboda. magram aqve unda iTqvas, rom es tipologiuri daaxloveba zneobriv Sefasebas odnavadac ar Seicavs. bibliurma iosebma TiTqmis mTeli cxovreba egvipteSi gaatara, da iq gaxda istoriuli pirovneba. ioseb juRaSvilmac Tavisi cxovrebis didi nawili ruseTSi gaatara, da iq iqca im stalinad, romelsac mTeli maSindeli msoflio icnobda. iseve, rogorc misi bibliuri Tanamosaxele ebraelTa egvipteSi gadasaxlebis iniciatori iyo, aseve stalinic didad gaisarja, rom ruseTidan es-esaa gamosuli saqarTvelo ruseTis axal, sabWour imperiaSi Sesuliyo. saqarTvelo samxedro Zalis moxmarebiT Seiyvanes ruseTSi, magram ebraelebsac xom iosebma egvipteSi gadasaxleba simeonis mZevlad ayvanis gziT daaZala.32
bibliuri iosebi orjer aRmoCnda meore patronis, patronis oreulis mdgomareobaSi, jer faraos kariskacis, Semdeg ki TviT faraos gverdiT. “xolo uTxra faraom iosebs: ...Sen iqnebi Cem saxls zeda, da piris mier Senisa gismendes Sen eri Cemi”.33 bibliuri iosebis Tavgadasavlis am mxarem TiTqos da kompleqsis saxiT Tavi iCinao stalinis mier, Tumca Zalze Taviseburi, magram mainc demokrati leninis sikvdilis Semdeg axal faraod da Tavis mudmiv Tanmxlebad da moZRvrad qcevaSi da am isteriuli aTeistis Zvelegvipturi religiuri wesiT mumifikaciasa da piramida-mavzoleumis qveS dacvaSi. Sed haec hactenus. da es aqamomde. Tumca am ori iosebis da zogadad iosebebis msgavsebis Tema amiT ar amoiwureba.