qarTuli patriotizmis moZRvrebi. iovane sabanisZe

qarTuli patriotizmis moZRvrebi. iovane sabanisZe

qarTvel ers misi xangrZlivi, rTuli da dramatizmiT aRsavse istoriis manZilze, RvTis wyalobiT, ar mohklebia gmirebi da moZRvrebi, vinc saqmiT da sityviT, magaliTiT da magaliTis gaazrebiT, mSobliuri mxarisa da eris siyvaruls aswavlida. am gmirebsa da moZRvrebs yvelas Tav-Tavisi, zog maTgans ki, mkveTrad Taviseburi saxe aqvs.

sxvaTa Soris, am moZRvarTa Soris Cven TviT yovladwmida RvTismSobeli unda davasaxeloT, Tundac imitom, rom igi erTxel gaberZnebul qarTvel yrmas, SemdgomSi, qarTuli enisa da kulturis did moRvawes wminda efTvime aTonels gamoecxada da "qarTulad xsnilad ubnoba" ubrZana. da amiT, qristesa da msoflio eklesiis msaxurebasTan erTad qarTveli morwmune erisa da misi eklesiis msaxurebac daavala.¹

am moZRvarTagan erT-erT upirvelesad da udidesad ioane sabanisZe warmogvidgeba, romelmac VIII saukunis damlevs TbilisSi musliman arab dampyrobTa mier gaqarTvelebuli da gaqristinebuli, warmoSobiT arabi muslimani Wabukis abos wamebis ambavi aRwera.

mas Semdeg mravalma saukunem ganvlo, patriotizmis Temaze saqarTveloSic da mTel qveyanazec bevri Tqmula da dawerila, miT umetes rom bolo saukuneebSi patriotizmis cneba da idea erT-erTi yvelaze aqtualuri da xmarebadi iyo, magram Cven ar vicnobT msoflio mwerlobis sxva nimuSs, sadac es Tema ase amaRlebulad, ase natifad, ase konkretul-erovnulad da, amave dros, zogad-sakacobriod aris gagebuli da warmoCenili.

garegnulad arc Tu didi moculobis es nawarmoebi Sinaganad araCveulebriv tevadobas avlens. Cven aqedan zogierT Tematur xazs ganvixilavT da im daskvnebs da Sedegebs, romliskenac am xazebs mivyavarT.

ioane sabanisZisaTvis samSoblos siyvaruli mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli qristianul sarwmunoebasTan, da ufro piradovnulad, - qristesTan. amasTan, qriste da misi sarwmunoeba sabanisZisaTvis misi samSoblos erT-erTi, Tundac udidesi da umniSvnelovanesi simdidre da mSveneba ki ar gaxlavT, romlisaTvisac brZola da Tavis ganwirvac ki Rirs. es misTvis erTad-erTi amisTana sagania. yovel SemTxvevaSi, ioane sabanisZe sxvas arafers asaxelebes. is ar mistiris raime materialur saunjes da kulturul monapovars (Tumca SesaZloa, impliciturad gulisxmobs erovnul damoukideblobas, vinaidan swored damoukideblobis dakargvas mohyva is sastiki sarwmunoebrivi Cagvra, romelsac ioanes samSoblo ganicdida). mxolod qriste, qristesTan misi eris kavSiri, romelic misive cnobiT xuTassa da kidev met wels iTvlis, sabanisZes zrunvisa da TviT xsenebis Rirsad miaCnia. zogadad aseTi amaRlebuli ganwyobileba ar gamoricxavs samSoblosa da mSobliuri eris ama Tu im damamSvenebeli Taviseburebis da madlis siyvaruls. gavixsenoT Tundac erT-erTi udidedi asketi qarTvel moRvaweTa Soris grigol xanZTeli, romelic amasTan didi aRfrTovanebiT da poeturi STagonebiT moixseniebs tao-klarjeTis bunebis silamazes. bolos da bolos, esec xom, rogorc grigol xanZTeli aRniSnavs, RvTis mier ("RmerTman dahbadna"-o) nawyalobevi niWia.² magram piradad sabanisZe imdenadaa datyvevebuli qristes siyvaruliT, misi usasrulo silamaziT da sulieri simdidriT, rom iviwyebs sxva yvelafers. rogorc Tvali patiosnis waxnagebs, aRfrTovanebiTa da gatacebiT CamoTvlis RvTaebriv simdidreebs, romelic daunjebulia qristeSi, romelic aris…kari sasufevelisa, gza zecad aRmavalTa, CvenTvis dakluli tarigi, momniWebeli saukuno cxovrebisa, da ase usasrulod. amave dros, sabanisZis mkacrad gagebuli patriotizmi araa arc brma da arc ganurCeveli. is ori mxridan aris SezRuduli, ufro sworad, erTis mxriv SezRudulia, meore mxridan ki, gaxsnili da gafarToebuli.

erTis mxriv, sabanisZe xedavs, rom samwuxarod yvela qarTveli ver dgas am araCveulebrivi, RvTaebrivi saerovno mowodebis doneze. roca vambobT, samwuxarodo, es ubralo sityvis masala ar gaxlavT. sabanisZe marTlac swuxs, is mwared dastiris im Tavis Tanamemamuleebs, romlebic mis dros, ucxoeli da qristes moZule dampyrobelTa zewoliT qristes daSordnen. “aRverieniT ersa, ucxosa SjuliTa, gandgomilsa qristÀsgan, naTesavsa sawuTroÁsa amis moyvaresa.., romelTagan viswaveniT saqmeni maTni da vhmonebdiT gulis-Tqumasa gulTa CuenTasa mibaZvebiTa maTiTa, viTarca usasoni qristÀsgan da damviwyebelni saukunoÁsa cxorebisani”. is godebs calke erT-erTi Tvistomis gamo, romelic sikvdilis SiSiT orjer ganudga qristes da “cxovari igi qristÀsi namglev iqmna...ganvarda samwysoÁsagan pirmetyuelTa maT cxovarTaÁsa”. amave dros, misi patriotuli grZnoba da Segneba gaxsnilia maTTvis, vinc miiRebs qristes da mis mosavebs SeuerTdeba. aseTi kaci ara mxolod qarTvelTa nawili SeiZleba gaxdes, aramed am eris rCeul Sviladac Seiracxos. daviT mefsalmunis frazeologias Tu vixmarT, iqnas ara marto moyvasi, aramed winamZRvaric ki³. amitom, Tavisi gmiruli Tavganwirvis Semdeg, jer qarTlis kaTolikosis ganCinebiT, Semdeg ki ioane sabanisZis dasabuTebiT, abo ara marto qarTveli erisa da eklesiis Svilad Seicnoba, aramed am erisa da eklesiis mfarvelad da qristesTan Suamdgomlad.

manamade msgavs xarisxSi iqna ayvanili sxva ucxoeli – evstaTi mcxeTeli, romlis cxedaric kaTolikosisa da morwmune eris mier sveticxovlis taZarSi iyo dakrZaluli. magram is, rac evstaTis martvilobaSi mocemulia, rogorc calkeuli faqti, abos martvilobaSi gaazrebulia da warmodgenilia, rogorc qarTuli qristianobis Taviseburi da Tanamdevi mxare. ase rom sabanisZe qarTuli patriotizmis Taviseburi tradiciis gamgrZelebelicaa da amave dros misi warmomCenic da mqadagebelic. qarTveli eri, sabanisZis gagebiT, esaa qristes morwmuneTa, anu, rogorc pirvandel eklesias esmoda, wmindanTa eri. da yvela, vinc mas SemouerTdeba qristes rwmenis gziT, am wmindanTa nawili xdeba, da TviTonac – qristesadmi aRmatebuli siyvarulisa da misTvis Tavganwirvis ZaliT – erovnul siwmideTac SeiZleba iqces. sabanisZe swored aseT pirovnebaze wers. magram am pirovnebis miRma misi gamWriaxi mzera, Tanac kaTolikosis locva-kurTxeviT da SegonebiT gamZafrebuli, sxva amdagvar pirebsac xedavs – qarTveli erisa da eklesiis cnobil da, iqneb, CvenTvis ucnob gmirebs, xedavs qarTuli bedis Taviseburebas. is qmnis qarTlisaTvis (anu saqarTvelosaTvis) SesaniSnav wodebas – "deda wmidaTa", da amiT fardobis niSans svams Tavisi samSoblos, Tavisi eris da qristianuli eklesiis, misi adgilobrivi nawilis Soris. es, ra Tqma unda, iuridiuli formula ar gaxlavT, romelic SegviZlia miwier samsjavroze ganvixiloT. Cveni eris istoriuli yofa ara erT magaliTs gvawvdis, roca is, vinc sarwmunoebis niSniT qarTveli ar iyo, amave dros bevri gaukeTebia wmidaTa dedis keTildReobisa da didebisaTvis, roca sxva, formalurad saqarTvelos eklesiis Svili an umaqnisobiT, an pirdapiri borotebiT zians ayenebda mas, iseTebic, vinc xan Tavs debda misTvis, xan ki avnebda mas. es yovelive mxolod uzenaesi samsjavros da maradiuli msajulis gadasawyveti saqmea, im igavis Tanaxmad, sadac saxlis ufali ukrZalavs yanaSi RvarZlis gamorCevas, "nuukue Sekrebasa RuarZlisasa aRmohfxuraT ifqlica. acadeT Tana-aRorZinebad urTierTas, vidre Jamadmde mkisa".⁴ anda cnobili gamoTqmisa, rom "patriotizmi gaiZveris ukanaskneli TavSesafaria", im gagebiT, rom aseT adamiansac ki SeuZlia samSoblosaTvis TavdadebiT keTili saxeli moixveWos. magram ioane sabanisZe gvTavazobs normas, romlis Tanaxmadac WeSmariti qarTveli aris is, visSic qarTveli erisa da saqarTvelos siyvaruli ganaTebuli da gamTbaria zena, zeciuri SuqiT da siyvaruliT, visac saqarTvelo uyvars qristes mier, qristesTan mWidro da ganuyofel erTobaSi.

sabanisZis gmiri – abo Tbileli aseTi siyvarulis erT-erTi SesaniSnavi magaliTi da nimuSia. sabanisZes es gmiri ar Seuqmnia, rogorc gamogonili ambis damweri qmnis Tavis personaJebs. RmerTma uwyaloba abo saqarTvelos – gmirad, da sabanisZes – misi nawarmoebis pirvel pirad. magram sabanisZis geniam imaSi iCina Tavi, rom RvTisgan mocemul am movlenaSi – arabi muslimanis qarTvel qristian mowamed gadaqcevaSi, man dainaxa ara calkeuli sarwmunoebis aqti, aramed erovnuli ganzomilebis ambavi, da rogorc didma moqandakem mocemuli movlenis lodisagan gamoZerwa xateba, sadac arc erTi mniSvnelovani nakvTi ar gamorCenia.

baRdadis mkvidri arabi muslimani WabukisaTvis arc saqarTvelo da qarTvelebi, arc qriste da qristianoba Sobidanve miRebuli da aRqmuli cnebebi, miT umetes, siyvarulis sagani ar yofila. es ori grZnoba masSi erTdroulad iRviZebs. marTalia, qristes siyvaruli umTavresia am grZnobaTa Soris, magram is ganuyofelia qarTvelebTan da saqarTvelosTan kavSirisagan. swored qarTvelebi xdebian abosaTvis megzurebad qristesaken mimaval gzaze. saqarTveloSi – qarTlSi, afxazeTSi - da qarTvelebis garemocvaSi mimdinareobs abos jer qristianad, mere ki qristian gmirad da mowamed formireba. magram qarTvelebi da maTi qveyana mxolod samsaxurebriv rols rodi asruleben. maT, sabanisZis wardgeniT, Tavisi Rirsebac gaaCniaT. miuxedavad imisa, rom TviTon ioanes daxasiaTebiT, qarTlic da misi mosaxleobac arab dampyrobTa uRelqveS mZime materialur da sulier mdgomareobaSi imyofebian, mainc isini ar kargaven mizidulobis Zalas da madls, romlis wyalobiTac maT unari SeswevT Suamdgomlis roli iTamaSon qristesa da idumalad, qvecnobierad qristes meZiebel adamians Soris. Tu ara da Tavisi magaliTiT, qristesadmi Tavisi siyvaruliT sulac gaaRviZon masSi qristes Ziebis, qristesTan Sexvedris survili. saqarTvelo, yvela gadatanili da arsebuli gaWirvebis miuxedavad, mainc aris "deda wmidaTa", qveyana dari aRTqmuli miwisa, saiTkenac ufali, rogorc Tavis droze abraams, mouwodebs abos, raTa swored aq moxdes misi feriscvaleba, misi qristianad gardaqmna. aq mimdinareobs qristianuli cxovreba da msaxureba, aq cxovroben rjulis mecnierni da moZRvarni, aq kiTxuloben qristianul wignebs, da rac mTavaria, aq binadrobs qristiani eri, romelsac axasiaTebs "gardametebuli RmrTis-moyuarebaÁ", adamianebi, romlebic "WirTa moTminebiTa ara ganeSorebian mxolod-Sobilsa Zesa RmrTisasa". rogorc moTxrobis bolos damwvari da mtkvarSi Cayrili abos Zvlebi naTels gamoscemen mdinaris fskeridan, aseve qarTli, STanTqmuli da CaZiruli arabuli eqspansiis talRiT, mainc anaTebs qristianuli sulis, Segnebisa da cxovrebis SuqiT. am Suqis, am naTlis matarebelni da gamomcemni iyvnen is qarTvelebi, romlebsac baRdadSi Sexvda da dauaxlovda abo. da romelTa gavleniTac moisurva saqarTveloSi wamosvla, ise rom samudamod datova ara marto samSoblo, aramed mSoblebi da ded-mamisSvilebi.

sabanisZe wers, rom saqarTveloSi abo zeciurma mowodebam wamoiyvana. magram es mowodeba SueZlebelia raRac jados msgavsi, damamonebeli ltolva yofiliyo, vinaidan RmerTi ase ar moqmedebs. da zeciur mowodebas ueWvewlad abos sulic unda gamopasuxeboda, unda yofiliyo raRac miziduloba, romelic am zena STagonebas Seexmatkbileboda. da es miziduloba swored qarTvel qristianebSi iyo. iseT spetak, amaRlebul pirovnebas, rogoradac abo warmogvidgeba, ver miizidavda veraviTari amqveyniuri, Tundac dadebiTi Tviseba – an gvariSviloba, an Zala, an vaJkacoba da sxva amdagvari. miT umetes, rom qarTvelebi – nerse eris-mTavari da misi amala - pirveli gacnobis dros savalalo mdgomareobaSi imyofebodnen, viTarca tyveebi da umaRlesi Zalauflebis mier braldebulebi. abo unda miezida imas, rac qarTvelebSi amaRlebuli, qristesmieri iyo – maT sarwmunoebas, maT maRal zneobas, maRal sulier ganwyobilebas. im pirTagan, visac abo dauaxlovda baRdadSi, CvenTvis cnobilia mxolod nerse eris-mTavari. SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom mis amalaSi sasuliero pirebi da sxva suliT amaRlebuli adamianebic iyvnen. magram sakmarisia TviTon eris-mTavris dasaxeleba. grigol xanZTelis cxovrebidan, sadac TiTqmis ueWvelia igive nersesTana gvaqvs saqme, Cans, Tu raoden RvTismosavi da RvTismosav adamianTa moyvaruli iyo es kaci da, sxvaTa Soris, misi meuRlec. Tu ki mxedvelobaSi miviRebT, rom mis karze aRizarda saqarTvelos eklesiis ori udidesi Svili – abo da grigol xanZTeli, Cven SegviZlia mas wmidaTa mamac, anu Zveleburi sityviT, mamamZuZe vuwodoT. SegviZlia dabejiTebiT vTqvaT, rom Tavad nerse eris-mTavari iyo erT-erTi gamorCeuli matarebeli im idumali naTelisa, romelsac Tavis wiaRSi deda wmidaTa – saqarTvelo inaxavda. qarTlSi Semosvlis Semdeg, abo sxva WeSmarit qristianebsac gaicnobs. maT Soris, samoel kaTolikoss, rogorc Cans, suliT amaRlebul adamians, romelmac pirvelma gamoicno aboSi didi erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi movlena, afxazeTis mTavari da mravali sxva, dabolos TviT gamWriaxi moazrovne, niWieri mwerali da idumalTa mxilveli iovane sabanisZe, romelic abom Seiyvara "qristÀs-mieriTa siyuaruliTa". yvela amaTganma ueWvelia Tavisi wvlili Seitana abos qarTvel erTan daaxlovebaSi da masTan SerwymaSi, ise rom, roca abosaTvis gmirobisa da Tavdadebis Jami dadga, man Tavisi sisxli daTxia ara marto qristesaTvis, aramed qristesTan erTad Seyvarebuli da Secnobili qarTveli morwmune erisaTvis. amiT sabanisZe gviCvenebs, Tu raoden mniSvnelovania, rom eklesiis Svili ara marto cxovrobdes eklesiis madlSi da siwmindeSi, aramed TviTonac am madlisa da siwmindis WurWeli da sacavi iyos. im wodebas – “deda wmidaTa”, romliTac sabanisZe saqarTvelos eklesias moixsenebs, metad mniSvnelovani damateba da ganvrcoba axlavs Tan, - “deda wmidaTa, romelTame TÂT aqa mkÂdrTa da romelTame ucxoTa da sxÂT mosrulTa”. Tu ki eri Tavisi qristianuli mowodebisa erTguli rCeba, Tu ki im gansacdels, romelic dro da dro Tavze waadgeba, Tundac mware marcxebisa da danakargebis TanxlebiT, sZlevs da qristes ar ganudgeba, ar datovebs qristian winaparTa nakvalevs, "mamulsa slvasa", arc qriste datovebs am ers. is ara marto missave wiaRSi dabadebs axal da axal gmir Svilebs, aramed sxva erebidan da qveynebidan mouyvans imaT, vinc erTgul da Tavdadebul Svilad iqceva. da kidev ufro daxvewavs da gaamZafrebs qarTvelTa patriotul grZnobas.

sabanisZis moZRvrebis Tanaxmad, abo swored aseTi, TvalsaCino gamovlinebaa da magaliTi qristes mudmivi zrunvisa Tavis erze. swored qristes mohyavs abo saqarTveloSi, sadac is qristesadmi siyvaruliT da rwmeniT imsWvaleba. mere xazareTSi, sadac abo monaTvlas bedavs, mere afxazeTSi, Tavisufal da sulierad ayvavebul mxareSi, sadac abo "aRvals ZaliTi Zalad"⁵ da sadac sulieri srulyofilebis maRal doneze masSi qristesaTvis Tavganwirvis survili iRviZebs, ris wyalobiTac is isev arabebis mier daCagrul qarTlSi brundeba, magram ukve rogorc gacxadebuli, da ara faruli, qristiani, romelic mzadaa sicocxle gawiros qristesaTvis, da ara marto qristesaTvis, aramed qristes maRiarebeli da qristesaTvis tanjuli erisaTvis, romelic abom gaicno, Seiyvara da romlis nawiladac iqca.

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