qristianuli saqarTvelos istoriaSi aris momentebi, sadac, Cveni azriT, sakvirvelad gadaeba erTmaneTs RvTis neba-survili, moZRvrebaSi da cxovrebiseul movlenebSi gamoxatuli, qarTveli kacis alRo, am neba-survilis gamocnobaSi gamoCenili, da misive SemoqmedebiTi Zalisxmeva, RvTaebrivi neba-survilis gaxsnaze mimarTuli. es momentebi Rrmad aRibeWda erovnul SegnebaSi da mniSvnelovani Tavisebureba mianiWa mas.

Cven gvsurs am aspeqtSi or Temaze SevCerdeT - qarTvelTa damokidebulebaze qalisa da ucxoelisadmi. es damokidebuleba yovelTvis advilad ar ikiTxeba cxovrebis zedapirze, magram idumalad anaTebs erovnuli cxovrebis siRrmeSi - enaSi, istoriaSi, mwerlobaSi.

kargadaa cnobili ilia WavWavaZis dakvirveba im Cinebuli xmarebis gamo, qarTul TqmaSi sityva "dedas" rom ergo. "dedamiwa", "dedaqalaqi", "deda-ena", "deda-boZi", "deda-azri". es ucnauri sityvis xmareba aRafrTovanebda did mamuliSvils da mowmobda misi TvalsazrisiT imis gandidebaze, vinc saqarTveloSi dedis saxels atarebda. magram ilia am sityvis mniSvnelobas da, saTanadod, gandidebisa da Tayvaniscemis obieqts qalobis erTi biologiuri da socialuri funqciiT - dedobiT Semofarglavda da kidevac upirispirebda mas. nuTu sityva qali imdensave etyvis qarTveli kacis guls, rac didebuli sityva deda, - daaxloebiT ase ambobda ilia. magram swored rom qarTulSi, sxva enebisgan gansxvavebiT, sityva deda araa ase mkveTrad SezRuduli, da is zogadad qalsac SeiZleba aRniSnavdes. is rom pativi, sityva dedisadmi migubuli, zogadad qalsac exeboda, mowmobs is enobrivi faqti, rom yvelgan, sadac qali da kaci erTad moixseneba, qalis saxels mudam upiratesoba eniWeba: qal-vaJi, gogo-biWi, col-qmari, ded-mama. "da saRmrToiTa siyuaruliTa wmidiTa erT-zraxva da megobar iyvnes friad netarni ese RmrTisa kacni - dedai febronia da mamai grigol", - giorgi merCule TiTqos Cveulad win ayenebs qals, Tumca deda febronia grigol xanZTelis erT mravalTagan sulier Svilad moCans.

Tu aseTive kuTxiT ucxosadmi damokidebulebas ganvixilavT, aqac did Taviseburebas SevxvdebiT. sityvebs, romlebic ucxos aRniSnaven, Cveulebrivad Tan sdevs uaryofiTi atmosfero. erT-erTi metyveli magaliTia laTinuri sityva hostis, romelic Tavdapirvelad stumars niSnavda, magram mtris damatebiTi da TiTqmis upiratesi mniSvneloba SeiZina. istoriaSi darCa napoleonis laSqrobis dros barklai de tolis mimarT petre bagrationis mier braziT naTqvami: "barklais stumari pirdapir moskovSi miyavs". hoda qarTveli kacisTvis sityva stumaris asegvarad xmareba, albaT, mxolod araqarTul wreSi iyo SesaZlo. saqarTveloSi da qarTul enaze ironia am saRvTo sityvis irgliv gaugebari darCeboda. aqve SegviZlia gavixsenoT rusuli gamoTqma daupatiJebeli stumris Sesaxeb, sadac am sityvas da cnebas sruliad mocilebuli aqvs is prezumfcia, romelsac mas qarTuli ena da zneoba aniWebs.

kidev ufro SesaniSnavia sityva "ucxo", romelic bevr enaSi raRac uCveulos, saeWvos, Tu ara da pirdapir samtros aRniSnavs. "ucxo gavlena", "ucxo zne-Cveuleba", - sabWouri ideologiisa da propagandis es sabrZolo terminebi am ideologiis mSobliur enaze mTeli Tavisi saZraxisi ZaliT JRers, xolo qarTulSi moulodnelad neitralur da uwyinar iers iZenen. xolo wminda qarTul gamoTqmaSi "ucxo", "saucxoo" es xom SesaniSnavis, gansacvifrebelis, aRmafrTovanebelis da yovelive amis umaRlesi xarisxis sinonimad aris qceuli.

es orive paradoqsuli enobrivi faqti qarTveli kacis Segnebas araa mowyvetili, erovnuli xasiaTis da TviTSegnebis umniSvlovanesi waxnagis gamovlinebaa. es ar niSnavs, rom qarTvelebSi saerTod ar arsebobs ucxoTmoZuleoba an sibriyve. vimedovneb, rom Semgdomi naTelyofs, rom aRniSnuli Taviseburebani, Tumca maT Rrmad gaidges fesvi qarTvel erSi, bunebriv, Tandayolil Tvisebebs ar warmoadgens. es cxviris forma da xmis tembri araa. esaa RvTis sulis ori ZRveni qarTveli erisadmi, sxva ZRvenTa Soris. xolo RvTis ZRvenebs mudam ver daicav dauzianeblad. maT swored rom dacva sWirdeba, xelSewyoba, saWiroa maTi, viTarca ZRvenis, gaTviTcnobiereba da dafaseba.

yvelaze brwyinvale da mimzidveli saxiT am or Taviseburebas qarTuli sulierebis udidesi qmnileba rusTavelis "vefxityaosani" warmogvidgens. rusTavels orive es movlena kanonis doneze ayavs. rusTavelis poema esaa megobrobis himni, ara marto rogorc mSvenieri grZnobisa, aramed amasTan Zalisa, romelsac qveynierebis gardaqmna SeuZlia. magram sainteresoa, rom is megobroba, romelsac xotbas asxams poeti, romelic adida, rogorc sxvam aravin msoflioSi, esaa megobroba ucxoeli raindebis Soris. ucxoeli megobris siyvaruli namdvil vnebadaa qceuli, romlisaTvis gmiri raindi mzadaa daTmos yvelaze Zvirfasi - satrfo da sicocxle.

rusTavelis meore mTavari gmiri qali gaxlavT. TiTqmis poemis dasawyisSive rusTaveli qal-vaJis Tanasworobis revoluciur formulas gvawvdis: "lekvi lomisa sworia, Zu iyos, Tunda xvadia". magram Tu davakvirdebiT, rusTvelisueli qalebi - poemis wamyvani personaJebi Tanasworze metni arian. sami qalis – TinaTinis, nestanisa da fatmanis xelSia poemis sami nawilis gasaRebi. maT formaluradac, gansakuTrebiT, TinaTinsa da nestan-darejans, aqvT Zalaufleba, xelmwifeba, vinaidan isini Tavisi mama-mefeebis erTaderTi memkvidreebi arian. magram maT moraluri liderobac ekuTvnis, maTi STagonebiT, maTi surviliT moqmedeben maTi trfialni avTandil da tariel. am mimarTebiT isini Cven pirvel dedas evas emsgavsebian, vis xelTac, adamis formaluri liderobisas, kacobriobis istoriis gasaRebi aRmoCnda.

gansakuTrebiT SesaniSnavia am mxriv arabuli samefo ojaxi – rostevani, TinaTini da avTandili, romelzec RvTaebrivi samebis mkveTri anarekli Zevs, maTi urTierTdamokidebulebani WeSmaritad zeciuri harmoniiTa gamsWvaluli. hoda am miwieri samebis meore piri, romelsac rusTavelma is adgili dauTmo, RvTaebriv samebaSi Ze RvTisas rom ukavia, qali gaxlavT, mefis asuli da Semdgomad Tavad mefe TinaTin. Tamar mefis erT-erTma mematianem misi deda burduxan dedofali RvTismSoblis sworad gamoacxada da erT grZel da daxlarTul winadadebaSi Tamaris saxelsac utriala, rom saTanado xarisxSi aeyvana, magram sabolood ver gabeda. magram is, rac SeuZlebeli iyo, Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT qarTuli azrovnebis principialurad aramwvaleblur xasiaTs, dokumentaluri Janris warmomadgenelisaTvis, is SesaZleblad miiCnia poetma, da daxata miwieri, magram RvTaebrivs mimsgavsebuli sameba, romlis meore pirad qali mogvivlina.

ase iTvleba, rom pativi, romliTac rusTavelis gmiri qalebi arian mosili, Tanamedroveebis mxridan Tamar mefisadmi Tayvaniscemas asaxavs. magram, jer es erTi, Tamaris epoqis realiebieT aseve advilad ver avxniT rusTavelis mier megobrobis amaRlebas. meore ki isaa, rom rusTavelis mier ucxo megobris da qalis amaRleba izolirebuli, gamonaklisi, da maSasadame, warmavali faqti araa, aramed aris nawili metad ufro zogadi movlenisa, romlis kvalsac sxva da sxva drois avtorebTan aRmovaCenT. da es ar gaxlavT erTgvari cxovrebas mowyvetili akviatebuli fantazia. igi Sesatyviss poulobs cxovrebiseul movlenebSi, saqarTvelos istorias rom Tansdevs.

qarTvel ers da erTdroulad saqarTvelos adgilobriv eklesias, sxva mravalTan erTad, ori SesaniSnavi mSveneba, ori saucxoo RvTis niWi gaaCnia – wminda dedebi da wminda ucxoelebi. ukve iqidan, rom saqme qristianul wmindanebs exeba, Cans, rom es ori niWi eris religiur cxovrebasTan uSualodaa dakavSirebuli, rom isini Cabarda ara Tesl-toms, ara, pavle mociqulis terminologiiT, sisxlTa da xorcTa (gal 1, 16; ef 6,12), aramed ers sazepuros, kaTolike eklesiis saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze mobinadre nawils.

wmindanad Seracxili qali saqarTveloSi bevri araa, magram TiToeul maTgans imdenad gansakuTrebuli adgili ukavia, rom roca akaki wereTelma poetur mistikur zmanebaSi saqarTvelos wminda mfarvelTa sameba ixila, samive qali aRmoCnda – nino, Tamari da qeTevani. da es lirikosi poetis galanturoba ki ar iyo, aramed im gansakuTrebuli adgilis adekvaturi asaxva, romelic am dedebs Tavisi eris cxovrebaSi daukavebia. qarTveli eris istoriaSi SegviZlia sami gvaris anda sammagi erovnuli mowodeba gamovyoT: sarwmunoebriv_aRmsaareblobiTi, saxelmwifoebriv-kulturuli da mowameobrivi. da TiToeuli maTgani yvelaze ufro srulad, mkafiod, brwyinvaled am sami qalis pirovnebasa da saqmeSi gamoixata – mociqulTa swori dedisa, wminda da Zlevamosili mefisa da imavdroulad udidesi poetis muzisa, dabolos gmiri didmowame qalisa. xolo am sami erovnul-religiuri svetis iqiT moCanan sxva didi dedebi, imis niSnad, rom nino, Tamar da qeTevan gamonakliss ki ar warmoadgenen, aramed qarTlis cxovrebis erTgvari kanonzomierebis unaTles gamovlinebas. erT aseTTaganad grigol xanZTelis Tanamosagre, meres dedaTa monastris iRumenia febronia moCans. miuxedavad imisa, rom am didma mamam Semokriba Tavis irgvliv da aRzarda mravali gamoCenili moRvawe, nairferi saRvTo niWiT dajildoebuli, giorgi merCule da, misive mowmobiT, TviT grigol xanZTeli da mTeli misi wre gansakuTrebuli pativiscemiT da aRfrTovanebiTac ki uyurebdnen deda febronias. “da esreT iyo Cueulebaica mis Jamisa winamZRuarTa mamaTai, rameTu Tvinier dedisa febroniaisgan zraxvisa saqme arai xel-yvian”, - aRniSnavs giorgi merCule da es mravalTagan mxolod erTi niSania deda febronias sakvirveli pativisa, romelic man gamoCenil mamaTa Soris daimsaxura.

roca wminda dedebis Semdeg, wminda ucxoelebs mivmarTavT, aqac aranakleb STambeWdav suraTs davinaxavT – mowameTa, Rirs da wminda mamaTa mTeli xomli saqarTvelos mociqulis wminda ninos meTaurobiT, sxva da sxva qveynis, erisa da rwmenisagan mosuli da saqarTvelos panTeonSi yvelaze sapatio adgilze moTavsebuli, rogorc magaliTad, evstaTi mcxeTeli, saqarTvelos mTavari taZris sveticxovlis sakurTxevelSi dakrZaluli. isini im saZirkvelis ucilobel nawils warmoadgenen, razedac aRorZinda da dRemde damyarebulia saqarTvelo.

ajamebda ra im wvlils, romelic ucxoelebma saqarTvelos eklesiis cxovrebaSi Seitanes, da arkvevda ra im adgils, romelic maT am eklesiaSi daikaves, erT-erTi maTganis – wminda mowamis abo Tbilelis megobari da Rvawlis aRmweri iovane sabanisZe uwodebda saqarTvelos adgilobrivi da ucxoeli wmindanebis saerTo dedas. “aha esera,- werda igi, - qarTlisaca mkvidrTa aqus sarwmunoeba, da wodebul ars dedad wmidaTa, romelTame TviT aqa mkvidrTa da romelTame ucxoTa da sxviT mosrulTa Cuen Soris Jamad-Jamad mowamed gamoCinebiTa qriste iesuis mier”.

es ori movlena, romelic qarTlis cxovrebas saukuneTa manZilze gasdevs, kanonzomierebis, erTgvari istoriuli scenaris saxiT warmogvidgeba, romlis avtori, ginda Tu ara, mxolod raRaca zebunebrivi Zala da goneba SeiZleba iyos. qristianuli Segneba dros ar dakargavs am Zalis saxelis ZiebaSi. zemomotanil frazaSi ioane sabanisZe aRniSnavs, rom qarTlSi mkvidr da ucxo mowameTa gamoCineba “qriste iesuis mier” xdeboda. igive sabanisZe, roca wers abos gadawyvetilebaze, saqarTveloSi gayves nerse erismTavars, xazs usvams, rom es misma gmirma “ara Tu TviT TaviT TvisiT ganizraxa… ara Tu TvisiT gonebiT, aramed wamis-yofiTa…RmrTisa mieriTa”. aseve, gadmocemis uwyebiT, wminda ninoc da asureli mamebic saqarTveloSi zegardmo STagonebiT movidnen. xolo am scenaris dedaazris gamo Semdegi mosazrebis gamoTqma SeiZleba. adamisa da masSi mTeli kacobriobis codviT dacemis ori, SesaZloa, yvelaze SesamCnevi da sayovelTao msxverpli, religiisa da kulturis damoukideblad, qali da ucxoeli Seiqna. saTanadod adamianis aRdgenaze mimarTuli qristes moZRvrebasa da moRvaweobaSi maTma reabilitaciam mniSvnelovani adgili daikava. magram iseve, rogorc qristes sxva Segonebani, esenic Znelad ikvalavdnen gzas morwmuneTa gulsa da gonebisaken. es procesi dRemdec ar aris dasrulebuli. da masTan mimarTebiT saqarTvelo moCans erT-erT im asparezad, sawvrTnel velad, sadac qalisa da ucxoelisadmi axali midgoma gamocdas gadioda da gadis.

rogori iyo qarTvelTa pasuxi am zeciur neba-survilis gamovlinebaze, romelic, Tu mas saukuneTa manZilze damkvidrebul warmodgenebs SevufardebT, namdvili gamowveva iyo? pasuxi erTob gansxvavdeboda erTsa da meore SemTxveveaSi. qarTvelebs ukve hqondaT sxva erebTan keTili Tanaarsebobis qristianobamdeli gamocdileba. qristianuli epoqis dasawyisamde eqvsasi wliT adre saqarTveloSi ukve cxovrobda mSvidobianad ebraelTa sazogadoeba. miT umetes didi unda yofiliyo qarTvelTa keTili ganwyoba ucxoelTa mimarT, romlebic qarTvelebiviT qristianebi iyvnen, qristes sarwmunoebas amtkicebdnen da sicocxlesac ki swiravdnen misTvis. ucxoelTa gamo RvTis gangebis udrtvinveli da kidevac keTili nebiT Sewynarebis mSvenier da erT-erT uZveles magaliTs ukve xsenebuli evstaTi mcxeTelis ambavi.

rogorc Cans, naklebad Semwynarebluri iyo reaqcia qalis axal rolze, romelsac Cvens winaprebs qristianoba sTavazobda. qristianobis istoriaSi saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze aris erTi idumali furceli, mociqul ninosTan dakavSirebuli. wminda ganmanaTlebeli, rogorc Cans, sakmaod male Tavisi Rvawlis aRsrulebis Semdeg, ramdenime saukuniT daviwyebul iqna mis mier ganaTlebuli eris mier, xolo misi adgili somexTa ganmanaTlebels grigol parTels miakuTvnes. es fenomeni, rogorc Cans, ubralo umadurobis Sedegi ar yofila. istorikosi mama miqel TarxniSvili mis axsnas eZebda konfliqtSi qarTvelTa erovnul-kulturuli tradiciebisa da prioritetebis da maTi ganmanaTleblis pirovnebis Soris. kerZod imaSi, rom nino qali iyo. mecnieri am konfliqtis kvals ninos cxovrebis erT-erT Zvel variantSi poulobda. mamao TarxniSvilis hipoTeza sarwmunod gamoiyureba, vinaidan ninos epoqasTan yvelaze daaxlovebuli istoriuli sabuTi – “SuSanikis wameba” qalisadmi sakmaod agdebul damokidebulebaze mowmobs.

magram erTsa da meore SemTxvevaSi Cvens mier fiqsirebuli situacia mxolod garkveul dromde unda arsebuliyo. orive tradiciis – qalisadmi da ucxoelisadmi damokidebulebis - istoriaSi TiToeulisTvis Tavisi mTavari gardatexis momenti dadga, romlis Sedegadac ubralo keTili ganwyobileba an ugulebelyofa aRfrTovanebad da gandidebad gardaiqmna. es ori momenti, Cveni azriT, SuSanikisa da abos martvilobaTa Seqmna iyo iakob curtavelisa da ioane sabanisZis mier. am or nawarmoebs samaswliani periodi hyofs, isini gansxvavdebian formiT da xasiaTiT. SuSanikis wameba novelaa, uSualo da mgrZnobiarobiT aRsavse, xolo abos martviloba biografiul-saRvTismetyvelo gamokvlevaa. iakobi warmogvidgeba, rogorc STagonebuli poeti, xolo ioane, rogorc dalagebuli da amave dros amaRlebuli moazrovne. da mainc am or qmnilebas bevri ram aaxloebs ideuri da SemoqmedebiTi TvalsazrisiT. xolo pirveli da umTavresi isaa, rom orives Tavis gmirTan erTad udides simaRleze ahyavs misi damaxasiaTebeli niSani – qaloba da ucxouri warmoSoba.

orive Semoqmedis win ubralo amocana idga – saWiro iyo morigi mowamis gmirobis aRwera. sabanisZis win es amocana qarTlis kaTolikosma samoelma daayena, curtavels amasve TiTqos misi, viTarca mowamis sulis moZRvris, mdgomareoba avalebda. magram sabanisZe pirdapir Sepyrobil iqna STagonebiT. “amisTvis SiSman da zrunvaman Semipyra me da SeSfoTna gonebai Cemi da daveci da movakldi mecnierebisagan”, - ase aRwers sabanisZe im sulier moZraobas, romelic abos wamebis daweras win uZRoda. STagonebis msgavsi kveTeba iakob curtavelsac unda ganecada, radgan isic bevrad gascda garemoebaTa mier SemoTavazebuli amocanis Cveulebriv farglebs. SesaZloa varaudi, rom STagonebis wyaro iakobisa da ioanesTvis, sakuTari genialobis garda, maTi gmirebi iyvnen. SuSaniki da abo Tavis martvilobaTa furclebze warmogvidgebian, rogorc brwyinvale individuumebi, niWieri da mimzidveli pirovnebebi, romelTa ZaluZT ara marto literaturuli nawarmoebis personaJebi iyvnen, aramed maTi avtorebis muzebic.

SesaniSnavia, rom orive avtori wmindad mxatvruli meTodebiT sargeblobs, ise rom pirdapir Tavis azrs arsad ar acxadebs. eWvis gamoTqmac ki SeiZleba, hqondaT Tu ara maT ganzraxva, aResrulebinaT is, rac aRasrules, didebiT SeemosaT ara ubralod konkretuli gmirebi, romlebic SemTxveviT qali da ucxoeli aRmoCndnen, aramed maT pirovnebebSi didebiT SeemosaT qali da ucxoeli? SeiZleba vifiqroT, xom ar iyo es SemTxveviTi, TviT avtorebis mier Seugnebeli maTive STagonebis nayofi?

mTavari xerxi orive avtors erTi da igive aqvs. da aq SesaZloa kidev erTi sakiTxis wamoWra: xom ar iyo maTgan ufro gviani – ioane sabanisZe, Segnebulad Tu Seugneblad, ufro adrindelis – iakob curtavelis literaturuli mowafe? isini sruliadac ar cdiloben TavianT gmirTa pirovnebis ZiriTadi damamcirebeli an saZulveli mxaris miCqmalvas. sabanisZis abo ubralod ucxoeli ki araa, mozeime mtrebis, mCagvrelebis tomis warmomadgenelia, romlebmac qarTvel ers mravali ubedureba moutanes. sabanisZe mwared Civis arabebTa mxridan mravalnair Seviwrovebis gamo, romelTagan misTvis uaresi da yvelaze saSiSi religiuri Seviwroveba aris.

“mieriTgan da vidre aqamomde, - Civis es axali ieremia, - naSobni qristianeTani gardagularZnnes: romelnime mZlavrebiT, romelnime SetyuviliT, romelnime siyrmesa Sina umecrebiT, romelnime mzakuvarebiT. da sxuani, romelni ese varT morwmuneni, mZlavrebasa queSe damonebulni da naklulevanebiTa da siglaxakiTa Sekrulni, viTarca rkiniTa, xarksa queSe maTsa guemulni da qenjnilni, Zvir-Zvirad zRveulni, SiSiTa ganilevian da iryevian, viTarca lerwamni qarTagan ZlerTa”.

abo xorci xorcTagania am dammonebelTa da mCagvrelTa. da sabanisZe am garemoebas xazs usvams, gulmodgined asabuTebs ra am tomisadmi abos ueWvel kuTvnilebas da masSi Rrmad gamdgar fesvebs.

“ese naSobi iyo abrameani, ZeTagan ismaelisTa, tomisagan sarkinosTaisa, da ara Tu ucxoisagan Teslisa, arca xarWisagan Sobili, aramed yovladve arabielTa Tesli, mamulad da dedulad, romlisai mama misi da dedai misi da Zmani da dani misni iyvnes munve qalaqsa mas Sina baRdads babilovnisasa...da swavlul iyo mwignobrebiTa sarkinozTaiTa, ZeTa ismaelisTa, ZeTa abrahamisTa, naSobTa agarisTa”.

“SuSanikis wamebac” TiTqmis pirveli striqonebidan mTavari gmiris ZiriTad sisusteze, ZiriTad naklulevanebaze TavdasxmiT iwyeba. “da me getyvi Sen, - afrTxilebs SuSanikis qmars misi Tanmxlebi diplomatiuri sparsi, - nu ras ficxelsa sityuasa etyvi mas, rameTu dedaTa bunebai iwro ars”.

aseTive ugulebelyofaze unda mowmobdes varsqenis dapireba sparseTis mefisadmi axal sarwmunoebaze moaqcios Tavisi col-Svili. yvela Tavisi qveSevrdomis moqceva varsqenma, rogorc Cans, ver ikadra. da moTxrobis mTel sivrceze arcerTi amdagvari cda ar Cans. piriqiT, varsqeni TiTqosda elaquceba Tavisi karis mRvdlebs. “aw nuras meridebiT me da nucaRa gZag”, - lamis exveweba igi maT. da guliswyromis mTels Zalas yovelgvari ridis gareSe sakuTar colze mimarTavs, romelmac saxlis da gandgomili qmris datoveba gabeda. “raisa xel-iwifa Cem zeda colman Cemman eseviTarisa saqmed? aw mivediT da arquT, viTarmed “Sen Cemi xati daamxu, da sagebelsa Cemsa nacari gardaasx, da Seni adgili dagitevebies, da sxuad warsul xar”. mRvdlebis mimarT moridebuloba da maTi poziciis gaTvaliswineba, colis mimarT marto saxlze, sarecelze da qmris morCilebaze laparaki.

da TviT wamebac, romelsac varsqeni wminda dedoflis winaaRmdeg mimarTavs, ufro waagavs damnaSavis kanonier dasjas ki ara, aramed qmris araviTari wesiT ar SezRudul, umsgavso gasworebas urC colTan.

“maSin iwyo ujerosa ginebad varsqen da ferxiTa TvisiTa dasTrgunvida mas; da aRiRo astami da uxeTqna mas Tavsa, da Cahfla, da Tuali erTi daubuSta; da mjiRiTa scemda pirsa missa uwyalod da TmiTa mimoiTrevda, viTarca mxeci mZvinvare yioda da izaxda viTarca cofi...da viTarca mkudari idva wmidai SuSanik queyanasa zeda. da aginebda varsqen Tesl-tomsa missa da saxlisa maoxrebelad saxels debda mas”.

varsqen da veragi sparseli erTaderTni ar arian, vinc ugulebelyofs SuSaniks, rogorc qals. roca karis episkoposi afoci midis SuSanikTan, qmarTan dabrunebaze rom daiTanxmos, mas SesaZloa ara marto dedoflisadmi sibraluli da politikuri mosazreba amoZravebs. SuSaniki sagonebelSia Cavardnili: “viTar metyvi me dajerebad Cemda, rameTu man RmerTi uvar-yo?” da ar esmis, rom episkoposi mis gmirul guladobas ki ara, ufro “iwro” qalur bunebas Sescqeris. da am safuZvelze maTi ricxvidan gamoaklebs, visac ufleba aqvs qristes saxelisaTvis ivnos.

es Cveuli, “yofiTi” ugulebelyofa Tavad SuSanikis sityvebSic gamosWvivis: “odes yofil ars aqamomde, Tumca mamaTa da dedaTa erTad eWama puri?”

avtori Tavis mxridanac umatebs Strixebs, romlebic gmiris sust mxareebs da savsebiT Cveulebriv amaoebas amJRavneben. am tragikul moTxrobaSi ramdenime epizodia, romelic komizms araa moklebuli. da erTi maTgani isaa, sadac qmris mier mwared gvemili SuSaniki, moulodnelad mimarTavs iakobs, romelic sapyrobileSi ewvia mas, SekiTxviT, xom ar gaugzavnos varsqens mis mier odesRac naCuqari samkauli.

iakobi gadmogvcems agreTve wminda dedoflis poetur, magram sruliad araheroikul Civils Tavisi naadrevi – axalgazrda da lamazi qalis sikvdilis gamo.

“miagos mas ufalman, viTar man uJamod nayofni Cemni moisTulna da sanTeli Cemi daSrita da yuavili Cemi daaWno, Suenierebai sikeTisa Cemisai daabnela da didebai Cemi daamdabla”.

es arasaxarbielo sawyisi mdgomareoba – ucxoeli mtrisa da dawunebuli qalTa modgmis warmomadgenlisa – kontrastad iqceva im sagmiro savalisaTvis, romelsac orive mowame Tavisi golgoTisaken ganvlis. SuSanikisTvis esaa patimrobis eqvsi weliwadi, romelic misi arCevanis utyuarobas da misi Sewirulobis sisrules gamoxatavs. xolo abosTvis esaa wlebi, romelTa ganmavlobaSi eklesiis norCi axalnergi uSiSar aRmsaareblad gadaiqceva, Rvawlis moTmenisTvis mwifdeba. roca abom afxazeTidan, romelic “krZalul iyo...SiSigagan sarkinozTaisa”, TbilisSi dabruneba daapira, afxazeTis mTavarma mouwoda abos darCes afxazeTSi, “rameTu queyanai igi qarTlisai sarkinozTa upyries da Sen xar bunebiT sarkinoz, da ara giteon Sen qristeanobiT maT Soris; da meSinis me SenTvis, nuukue kualad gangdrikon Sen sarwmunoebisagan qristesisa nefsiT, gina uneblebiT”. abos pasuxi sakmarisad metyvelia: “daRaTu bevreuli oqroisai da vercxlisai momcen me, gina Tu tanjviTa da geumiTa ganmikiTxon me, ver ganmaSoron me siyuarulsa uflisa Cemisasa...da aw Sen nu damayeneb me, RmrTis-msaxuro, rameTu rai madl ars yofai Cemi aqa, sada ara ars SiSi, arca sikudili qristesTvis?”

xolo SuSaniki iseTi simxniT aRivseba sapyrobileSi, rom is zarsa scems garSemomyof xalxs. iakobi gadmogvcems epizods, romelSic SuSanikma aiRo didi matli, mravlad rom gaCnda mis wylulebSi, aCvena mas da “hmadlobda RmerTsa, da Tqua: “xuces, nu mZime giCn ese, rameTu mun igi matli udides ars da ara mokudebis”. da me, - mowmobs iakobi, - viTarca vixile matli igi, mougonebelad didad mwuxare viyav da vtirode friad”.

orive martvilobis erT-erTi Zlieri momenti SuSanikisa da abos martooba gaxlavT. SuSanikis gverdiT mTeli eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi, sanam es susti qali “Ruawlsa didsa” iTmenda, ar gamoCnda arc erTi mamakaci, vinc varsqens winaaRudgeboda, aseve bunebiT sarkinozis abos gverdiT ar aRmoCnda arcerTi bunebiTi qarTveli, romelic mis adgils daikavebda.

SuSaniki ara erTxel laparakobs Tavis martoobaze. sikvdiliswina saubarSic ki Tavs ver ikavebs sayvedurisagan axlobelTa mimarT, rom igi marto datoves. sinamdvileSi es TiTqos ase ar unda iyos. mravali adamiani – episkoposebidan sapyrobilis mcvelebamde – mis garSemo trialeben da emsaxurebian mas, varsqenis sapirispirod da Tavis safrTxeSi CayenebiTac ki. magram umaRlesi gagebiT es swored asea. imitom rom SuSaniki am moTxrobis erTad-erTi gmiria, rameTu mxolod mas gaaCnia sulis sakmarisi Zala, rom aSkarad, Tundac tanjvisa da sicocxlis fasad, SeebrZolos varsqens da mas, vinc mis ukan dgas. garSemomyofTa sisuste zogjer komikur xasiaTs iZens.

diakoni vinme, - gvatyobinebs curtaveli, - dga wmidisa SuSanikis Tana mas Jamsa, romelsa gamohyvanda igi taZriT, da unda, raiTamca hrqua, Tu “mtkiced deg!” da Tuali hkida pitiaxSman da esTen oden hrqua: “mtki...” da dadumna da sivltolad iwyo swrafiT.

xolo abos heroikuli simartove erT-erTi adgilobrivi qristianis orjeradi gandgomilebiTaa xazgasmuli.

“Sen WeSmaritad marjueniTsa mas avazaksa emsgavse, - mimarTavs sabanisZe Tavis gmirs, - ramuTe gaqunda Senca erTi Sen Tana pyrobilTagani, naSobi qristeaneTai, romeli gandrekil iyo qristesgan da midevnebul sjulsa ucxosa, xolo kualad qristes aRsarebisaTvis Sen Tana ganikiTxvoda, aramed sawyalobelsa mas kualadca ubrkuma da daeca”.

ufro meti, abos sulieri sidiade sabaniZesTan, iseve rogorc SuSanikisa curtavelTan, kontrastirebs mTeli morwmune eris aradidsulovan saqcielTan.

rogorc erTi maTgani sabanisZe am codvas inaniebs: “aRverieniT ersa, ucxosa SjuliTa, gandgomilsa qristesgan, naTesavsa, sawuTroisa amis moyvaresa, Teslsa urwmunosa Zisa RmrTisasa, sarwmunoebisa Cuenisa maginebelTa, romelTagan viswaveniT saqmeni maTni da vhmonebdiT gulis-Tqumasa gulTa CuenTasa mibaZvebiTa maTiTa, viTarca usasoni qristesgan da damviwyebelni saukonoisa cxorebisani”.

ase xdeba ucxoelis, anu Tavis da Tavad gariyulis, da qalis, romelsac qmarTan erTad sufrasTan jdomis ufleba ara hqonda, ubralo reabilitacia ki ara. Cven Tvalwin SuSaniki da abo aRvlen ZaliTi Zalad (fs 83, 5, 7), erTi maRali safexuridan meore, ufro maRalze. isini saxalxo gmirebi, erovnuli liderebi, morwmuneTa sasoeba, devnili eklesiis burjebi arian, dajildoebuli kurnebis niWiT, rogorc SuSaniki, an sikvdilis Semdgomi saswaulebiT, rogorc abo. dabolos xdeba gmirebis umaRles safexurze ayvana, maTi apoTeozi, am sityvis pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT, anu gaRmerTeba, maTi mimsgavseba TviT qristesadmi. SuSaniki ukve emsgavseboda qristes im ukanono da aRviraxsnil wamebaSi, romelic mas qmarma SeamTxvia. ufro pirdapir qristeze misi gasvenebis scena migvaniSnebs, sadac gamoyenebulia qristes daflvis detalebi, oTxive maxarebelTan Semokrebili. “da maSinRa mswrafl moiRo sanatrelman man episkoposman iovane Sesagragnelad sudari wmidai... da aRviReT gvami igi... da ganvbaneT... da SevmoseT mCvriTa miT. da maSinRa episkoposTa maT orTave, iovane da afoc,...yovliT krebuliTurT... sakmeveliTa sunneliTa aRvixueniT patiosanni Zualni... da davkrZaleniT... ganmzadebulsa mas adgilsa”.

aseve abos sikvdiliT dasjis mTel epizods sazeimo tonis, saxarebiseuli Tqmebis da detalebis wyalobiT mkiTxvelis goneba gamudmebiT Zis kacis sikvdiliT dasjis garemoebaze uneblied gadaaqvs. dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli aq erTmaneTze TiTqmis uwyvetad gadajaWvul mraval saxarebiseul reminiscencias moZebnis. ai am jaWvis ramdenime rgoli: abos sikvdiliT dasjas win uZRvis gmiris RamisTeva, misi TviTmowmoba damdegi dRis sidiadeze, dabana da ziareba; abo gamoyavT dasasjelad paraskevs da amave dros didi dResaswaulis dRes, miyavT igi ucxotomel da sxva rjulis mosamarTlesTan misi bedis sabolood gadasawyvetad, dasjis gzaze mas Tansdevs qalaqis mcxovrebTa cremlebi, romlebsac igi sTxovs, ar itiron misTvis.

Tumca TviTon aboc amowmebs imas, rom Tavis RvawlSi is uflis mimbaZveli aris.

magram ufro metad uflis msgavseba abos sikvdilis Semdeg mJRavndeba. rogorc qriste, ucxo da Soreuli Tavisi RvTaebrivi bunebis ZaliT, moivlina RvTis mier adamianebTan, kacad iqca da Tavisi sikvdiliT Seariga mamasTan dacemuli adamis modgma, aseve ucxo abo, sabanisZis advilad amosacnobi azriT, moivlina RvTis mier saqarTveloSi, Tavisiani gaxda aq da sakuTari sikvdiliT Seariga codvili qarTvelTa eri TviT qristesTan. mis sikvdils qarTlSi iseTive Sedegebi mohyveba, rogoric qristes sikvdils mTels msoflioSi – RmerTTan kavSiris aRdgena, sarwmunoebis ganaxleba, RvTaebrivi madlis moniWeba.

“Sen gamo, wmidao mowameo, - mimarTavs ioane Tavis gmirs, - siyuaruli igi qristesi Ceundami da sarwmunoebai Ceuni misa mimarT kualad ganaxlda... xolo aw Sen mier mogueaxla qriste da Cuen gulisxma vyavT kualad SiSi misi da siyuaruli misi, da madlsa missa Rirs viqmneniT da siyuarulsa missa da wyalobasa dRiTi-dRed mravalTa saswaulTa da kurnebaTa Cuen Soris gamoCinebiTa”.

rogorc qriste, Semdgomad aRdgomisa da amaRlebisa, “axlisa aRTqmisa Sua-mdgomel” iqmna (ebr 9, 15) RvTisa da adamianTa Soris, aseve abomac, Tavisi gmirobis ZaliT, miiRo Suamdgomlobis madli qristes da qarTveli eris Soris.

“aw movediT, qristes-morwmuneno, da vdResaswaulobdeT xsenebasa axlisa amis wmidisa mowamisasa, romeli yovelsa amas sofelsa Cuensa qarTlisasa meoxad Cuenda qristeman moguaniWa”.

sabanisZe – saqarTvelos eklesiis erTguli Svili, sadac mwvaleblobas arasodes miscemia gasaqani, arsad ar scildeba zRvars, romlis iqiTac qristes mimsgavseba Senacvlebis da gagarevebis saeWvo da macdur xasiaTs SeiZenda. abo mxolod erTi kacTagania, romelsac Sewevna sWirdeba, rom ar daeces.

“aw uwyi, - mimarTavs abo qristes ziarebis miRebis Semdeg, - rameTu ara damiteve me, aramed CemTana dadgromil xar da me SenTana”.

magram amave dros TviT gmiric da avtoric uSiSrad mowmoben niWze, romelic adamians ufalTan siaxlovisTvis da qristes saxelisTvis da misi mibaZviT gamoCenili TavdadebisTvis eZleva, - niWi qristes Tanamonawileobisa ara marto sakuTari cxonebis, aramed sxva adamianebisa da – meti – mTeli eris gadarCenis saqmeSi.

am ori gmiris – ucxoelisa da qalis - Rvawli da sulieri sidiade, ori geniosi Semoqmedis kalmiT aRbeWdili, ukve veRar daiviwya erma, romlis wreSic moxda es gmiroba da romlis enazedac daiwera es martvilobani. maTi avtorebi am ori movlenis – erovnul istoriaSi qalisa da ucxoelis RirsSesaniSnavi da dadebiTi rolisa, romliTac ufals qristianuli saqarTvelos cxovrebis damSveneba surda, saukeTeso, sworupovari ganmmartebelni da mqadagebelni aRmoCndnen. es iyo maTi mxridan namdvili gmiroba – inteleqtualuri, sulieri, SemoqmedebiTi, miaxlovebuli im gmirobisadmi, romelsac isini aRwerdnen. iakobma aRbeWda Tavisi naweris furclebze erTi SesaniSnavi sityva-pasuxi misa da SuSaniks Soris. ’’Ruawlsa didsa Sesvlad xar’’, - erTdroulad afrTxilebs da amxnevebs SuSaniks iakobi. da esmis SuSanikis Rirseuli pasuxi: ’’da meca didsa Ruawlsa ganmzadebul var’’. grZnobda Tu ara iakobi maSin, roca SuSaniks esaubreboda an mogvianebiT, roca am saubars asaxavda, rom TviTonac, rogorc mere ioane sabanisZe, didi Rvawlis winaSe idga? da rogorc maTi gmirebi mzad yofilan winmdebare TavdadebisaTvis, aseve maTi mesaidumloeni mzad aRmoCndnen im RvawlisaTvis, romlisaken maT RmerTi mouwodebda. maT gaixedes Cveulebrivis miRma, ufro maRla da ufro Sors, vidre saqme moiTxovda, gamoiCines meti gulisxmiereba da gonebamaxviloba, vidre maTgan situacia uSualod moiTxovda.

Rvawli kidev imaSi mdgomareobda, rom maT unda daeZliaT ZvelisZveli droidan sazogadoebaSi fesvgamdgari warmodgenebi, Sesuliyvnen winaaRmdegobaSi im warmodgenebTan, im suliskveTebasTan, sazogadoebaSi rom gabatonebuliyo.

am sulierma sagrobam sakvirveli nayofi moitana da qristianuli saqarTvelos saxes ganumeorebeli ferebi da nakvTebi Semata. iakobisa da ioanes qmnilebebSi Cayolebuli muxtis gavlena ara marto vefxistyaosanSi iCens Tavs, aramed, erTis mxriv, sakvirveli deda febronias pirovnebaSi da moRvawe dedaTa xotbaSi giorgi merCulesTan, Tamaris mravalsaukunovan kultSi, wminda ninos usazRvro gandidebaSi arseni bulmaisimisZis mier, akaki wereTlis ukve xsenebul mistikur xilvaSi; xolo meore mxriv, mTawmidel mamaTa, daviT aRmaSeneblis mematianis, JamTaaRmwerlis, saba-sulxanis da vaJa-fSavelas ucxoT-moyvareobaSi.

iakob curtavelis da ioane sabanisZis magaliTi ara marto retrospeqtiul, aramed perspeqtiul interessac warmoadgens. istoria zogadad, da, kerZod, saqarTvelos istoria, jer ar dasrulebula. arsebobs problemebi da arsebobs droebrivi sivrce im unaris gamosaCenad, romlis dauviwyari, saukuneebSi manaTobeli magaliTi iakob curtavelma da ioane sabanisZem dagvitoves.

dekanozi ioseb zeTeiSvili