Cveni drois mlocvelTa praqtikaSi kvlav Semovida uZvelesi mokle locva, romelic ieso qristes saxels Seicavs. am locvas Tanamedrove qarTul saeklesio gamocemebSi aseTi saxe aqvs: “ufalo ieso qriste, Zeo RvTisao, Semiwyale me codvili”. amave teqstzea dawerili sagalobelic.

am locvis aseTi formiT saqarTveloSi gavrceleba uTuod rusuli praqtikis gavlenas unda mivaweroT, imitom rom aRniSnuli locvis swored es saxeoba rusuli sasuliero da saeklesio istoriis kuTvnilebas warmoadgens.

aseT dasesxebaSi TavisTavad uaryofiTi araferia. amdagvari aReb-micema nebismier sferoSi Cveulebrivi da gavrcelebuli movlenaa. amitom amas Cven, rogorc ubralo faqts aRvniSnavdiT, Tu ara erTi momenti – is rom am locvis samsjelo forma araa arc pirvandeli, arc zogad-saeklesio da arc srulyofili.

amaze TviTon rusuli wyaroebi migviTiTeben. am wyaroebidan Cven SegviZlia SevityoT, rom locvis es forma rusuli sasuliero cxovrebis wiaRSi warmoiSva im periodSi, roca ruseTi mowyvetili iyo marTlmadideblur aRmosavleTTan mWidro urTierTobas. amaze msjeloba sxva msgavs sakiTxebTan erTad maSin wamoiWra, roca ruseTis patriarqis nikonis dros (1652-1658) dadga Zveli wignebis da Zveli – zogad-marTlmadidebluris, “berZnulisagan” gansxvavebuli – wes-Cveulebebis Sesworebis sakiTxi.

msjelobas am locvis formis gamo, iseve rogorc sxva adgilobriv wes-Cveulebebze, romlebic gansxvavdebodnen kaTolike eklesiis mTel aRmosavleTSi aRiarebuli tradiciisagan (orTiTiani pirjvari da sxva), ramdenime adgilobriv krebaze hqonda adgili (1654-5 da 1666-7 ww.), romlebSic ara marto rusi, aramed berZeni mRvdelmTavrebic monawileobdnen da, sxvaTa Soris, saqarTvelos eklesiis warmomdgenelic. locvis “ufalo ieso qriste...” “rusuli” formis gamo gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi gamoiTqva, romlebsac damTxvevis erTi wertili mainc gaaCnda: imaTac ki, vinc Zvel rusul formas ar uaryofda, ubjobesad mainc berZnuli varianti miaCnda, sadac “Zeo RvTisao”-s magivrad “RmerTo Cveno” iTqmis. magaliTad, aTonis iverTa monastris arqimandriti dionisi, romelic 1666-7 ww. krebis mrCeveli iyo, locvis Zvel rusul redaqcias uaryofda, viTarca arianuls. sxvebi, vinc saqmes ase kategoriulad ar udgeboda da Zvel rusul redaqcias dasaSvebad miiCnevda, mainc amjobinebdnen variants “Zeo RvTisao”-s magivrad “RmerTo Cveno”-s CarTviT, viTarca uZveless da zogad-saeklesios, gansakuTrebiT ki viTarca “maxvilis momqnevs eretikos arianelTa zeda” ¹.

vgonebT, gasagebia, ra azri amoZravebda adgilobrivi krebis mamebs, romlebmac sabolood gaiziares es mosazrebebi da upiratesoba berZnul redaqcias mianiWes. wodeba “Ze RvTisa” erTazrovnad da Seuryevlad ar amtkicebs ieso qristes RvTaebriobas, da amzomad savsebiT misaRebia maTTvisac, vinc qristes RvTaebis marTlmadideblur aRsarebas ar iziarebs, da aseTi mwvaleblobis erTgvar niRabadac ki SeiZleba iqces. es sifrTxile, romelic SesaZloa erT dros dromoWmulad gamoiyureboda, amJamad, roca ase mozRvavda, erTis mxriv, dogmaturad daumoZRvravi eri, meore mxriv ki, araqristianuli da eretikuli mimdinareobani, kvlav mTeli Tavisi aqtualurobiT warmogvidgeba.

undoblobis miuxedavad, romelic me-17 s. adgilobriv krebebze iyo gamoTqmuli, Zveli wes-Cveulebis inerciam Tavisi gaiyvana da, rogorc vxedavT, ruseTis eklesiis SvilTa Soris eWvmitanilma formam sabolood gaimarjva. magram is, rac gasagebia da erTgvarad gamarTlebulicaa rus mlocvelTa Soris, qarTvelTa Soris sxvanairad gamoiyureba. saqarTvelos eklesiis siZvele, kaTolike eklesiis mTavar centrebTan mWidro urTierToba, saukuneTa manZilze SenarCunebuli da amJamad ganaxlebis procesSi myofi dogmatikuri alRo, romelic araerTxel Tavmomwoned aRniSnula didi qarTveli mamebis mier, mogviwodebs pirvandeli, sazogado da ucTomeli vamjobinoT.

amisken aRniSnuli locvis sakuTari erovnuli tradiciac gvizidavs. ueWvelia, qarTveli moRvaweebi am locvas ise warmosTqvamdnen, rogorc mTels aRmosavleTSi, aTonze da sxvagan. Tumca amaze Cven utyuari, avtoritetuli da yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi sabuTic gagvaCnia. es locva swored im formiT, romlis aRdgenasac me-17 saukuneSi ruseTis eklesiis kreba moiTxovda, erT-erT uZveles qarTul sasuliero nawarmoebSia damowmebuli. “giorgi xanZTelis cxovrebis” netradsaxsenebeli avtoris giorgi merCulis cnobiT, am locvas, romelsac is “sulis sazrdel sityvas” uwodebs, “maradis metyvelebda”, anu gamudmebiT warmoTqvamda es didi moRvawe.

aRwers ra wminda grigolisa da beri xvediosis Sexvedras, giorgi merCule gvatyobinebs: “maSin ganmzada tabla msgavsad Cveulebisa sixaruliT...da iwyes Wamad, maradis-metyvelTa sulisa sazrdelsa mas sityvasa: “ufalo iesu qriste, RmerTo Cveno, Segviwyalen Cven”.

ase gamoiyureba locvis forma, naanderZevi udidesi qarTveli Rirsi mamis da Semonaxuli udidesi qarTveli sasuliero mwerlis mier. amasTan, Cveni azriT, merCulis mier dafiqsirebuli mravlobiTi ricxvi “Segviwyalen Cven” situaciuri ar unda iyos, ese igi imiT ganpirobebuli, rom xvediosi da grigoli mas erTad warmoTqvamen, aramed am locvis aucilebel kuTvnilebas warmodgens. jer erTi, Txovnis (“Segviwyalen Cven”) mravlobiTi ricxvi stilistikurad da logikurad mimarTvis (“RmerTo Cveno”) mravlobiT ricxvTanaa damokidebuli. meore da ufro mniSvnelovani ki isaa, rom es mravlobiTi ricxvi imave suliskveTebis gamomxatvelia, rac “mamao Cveno”-s TxovnaTa mravlobiTi ricxvi, da misi anareklia. da, rogorc “mamao Cveno”-s, iseve am locvis warmomTqmelsac ara marto ufal RmerTTan akavSirebs, aramed mTels kaTolike eklesiasTan aerTianebs. am mxrivadac kaTolike da erovnuli mamebis mier naanderZevi sulis sazrdeli sityvis forma religiuri Segnebis ufro maRal dones gvTavazobs.

dekanozi ioseb zeTeiSvili

1. Карташев А.В. Очерки по истории Русской Церкви. Париж, YMKA-PRESS, 1959, т. 2, с. 176: «Собор РЦ 1667 г. опубликовал «Наставление благочиния церковного», в котором, среди прочего, «не осуждается, например, прежняя формула молитвы Иисусовой со словами «Сыне Божий», лишь предпочитается формула «Боже наш», как древняя и общецерковная».